Description
defu is software that allows uers to assign default properties recursively. Prior to version 6.1.5, applications that pass unsanitized user input (e.g. parsed JSON request bodies, database records, or config files from untrusted sources) as the first argument to `defu()` are vulnerable to prototype pollution. A crafted payload containing a `__proto__` key can override intended default values in the merged resul. The internal `_defu` function used `Object.assign({}, defaults)` to copy the defaults object. `Object.assign` invokes the `__proto__` setter, which replaces the resulting object's `[[Prototype]]` with attacker-controlled values. Properties inherited from the polluted prototype then bypass the existing `__proto__` key guard in the `for...in` loop and land in the final result. Version 6.1.5 replaces `Object.assign({}, defaults)` with object spread (`{ ...defaults }`), which uses `[[DefineOwnProperty]]` and does not invoke the `__proto__` setter.
Affected products
unjs: defu
References4
- github.com/unjs/defu/security/advisories/GHSA-737v-mqg7-c878 MitigationVendor Advisory
- github.com/unjs/defu/commit/3942bfbbcaa72084bd4284846c83bd61ed7… Patch
- github.com/unjs/defu/pull/156 Issue TrackingPatch
- github.com/unjs/defu/releases/tag/v6.1.5 Release Notes
Metrics
- CVSS 3.1
-
7.5
HIGH
Score source: CNA
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N - EPSS — exploit probability
- 0% percentile: 35 · as of 12 November 2026
- CWE
- CWE-1321
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